ubuntu更新

ssh ubuntu@124.220.81.137
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo reboot

安装nginx

ssh ubuntu@124.220.81.137
sudo apt install nginx 
检查安装是否成功
sudo nginx -t
网站输入：http://124.220.81.137，提示nginx安装成功
sudo apt install tree # tree命令方便以树形查看文件结构

安装php8.1

sudo apt install php8.1 php8.1-fpm # 安装php主包

居然同步安装了apache2和很多包

ubuntu@VM-12-2-ubuntu:~$ sudo apt list --installed | grep php

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

libapache2-mod-php8.1/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php-common/jammy,now 2:92ubuntu1 all [installed,automatic]
php8.1-cli/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php8.1-common/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php8.1-opcache/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php8.1-readline/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php8.1/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 all [installed,automatic]
php/jammy,now 2:8.1+92ubuntu1 all [installed]

ubuntu@VM-12-2-ubuntu:~$ sudo apt list --installed | grep apache

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

apache2-bin/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 2.4.52-1ubuntu4.12 amd64 [installed,automatic]
apache2-data/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 2.4.52-1ubuntu4.12 all [installed,automatic]
apache2-utils/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 2.4.52-1ubuntu4.12 amd64 [installed,automatic]
apache2/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 2.4.52-1ubuntu4.12 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libapache2-mod-php8.1/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 [installed,automatic]
ubuntu@VM-12-2-ubuntu:~$ 

检查php安装情况sudo php -v
发现已经安装php8.1，测试是否可用。

sudo nano /var/www/html/index.php

填入

<?php 
phpinfo(); 
?>

打开链接测试是否运行

http://124.220.81.137/index.php

输入后直接下载，没有打开网页，说明忘记给nginx设置以支持解析php了，调整nginx设置。

首先看nginx配置文件夹结构。

sudo tree /etc/nginx
/etc/nginx
├── conf.d
├── fastcgi.conf
├── fastcgi_params
├── koi-utf
├── koi-win
├── mime.types
├── modules-available
├── modules-enabled
│   ├── 50-mod-http-geoip2.conf -> /usr/share/nginx/modules-available/mod-http-geoip2.conf
│   ├── 50-mod-http-image-filter.conf -> /usr/share/nginx/modules-available/mod-http-image-filter.conf
│   ├── 50-mod-http-xslt-filter.conf -> /usr/share/nginx/modules-available/mod-http-xslt-filter.conf
│   ├── 50-mod-mail.conf -> /usr/share/nginx/modules-available/mod-mail.conf
│   ├── 50-mod-stream.conf -> /usr/share/nginx/modules-available/mod-stream.conf
│   └── 70-mod-stream-geoip2.conf -> /usr/share/nginx/modules-available/mod-stream-geoip2.conf
├── nginx.conf
├── proxy_params
├── scgi_params
├── sites-available
│   └── default
├── sites-enabled
│   └── default -> /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
├── snippets
│   ├── fastcgi-php.conf
│   └── snakeoil.conf
├── uwsgi_params
└── win-utf

sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-available/default /etc/nginx/sites-available/default.default # 先做个备份
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

修改前

#location ~ \.php$ {
    #    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    #
    #    # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
    #    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
    #    # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
    #    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    #}

修改后

        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; # 取消注释
         
                # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php.8.1-fpm.sock; # 修改为php.8.1-fpm
                # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        }

重启nginx

sudo systemctl restart nginx

再次测试网址

http://124.220.81.137/index.php

发现出现502 bad gateway错误

检查cat /var/log/nginx/error.log发现如下错误提示，显示无法与php-fpm通讯，原来是设置的时候错将 fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock多加了一个英文点，写成了fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php.8.1-fpm.sock。

2024/10/21 20:15:45 [crit] 996#996: *1 connect() to unix:/run/php/php.8.1-fpm.sock failed (2: No such file or directory) while connecting to upstream, client: 101.82.186.225, server: _, request: "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/run/php/php.8.1-fpm.sock:", host: "124.220.81.137"

php8.1和php8.1-fpm安装成功。

安装sqlite3和php-sqlite3

sudo apt install sqlite3
sudo apt install php8.1-sqlite3

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 768;
    # multi_accept on;
}

http {

    ##
    # Basic Settings
    ##

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    # server_tokens off;

    # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
    # server_name_in_redirect off;

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    ##
    # SSL Settings
    ##

    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    ##
    # Logging Settings
    ##

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

    ##
    # Gzip Settings
    ##

    gzip on;

    # gzip_vary on;
    # gzip_proxied any;
    # gzip_comp_level 6;
    # gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    # gzip_http_version 1.1;
    # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

    ##
    # Virtual Host Configs
    ##

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}


#mail {
#    # See sample authentication script at:
#    # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
#
#    # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#    # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#    # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
#
#    server {
#        listen     localhost:110;
#        protocol   pop3;
#        proxy      on;
#    }
#
#    server {
#        listen     localhost:143;
#        protocol   imap;
#        proxy      on;
#    }
#}

将typcho传到服务器

1. 开放服务器文件夹写入权限

   sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html #开放html文件夹写入权限，测试755无法上传。

2. 单开一个ssh界面，需要从本地打开ssh，不要在服务器界面。然后命令格式如下：

   scp C:/Users/28358/Downloads/typecho.zip ubuntu@124.220.81.137:/var/www/html/
   这会将本地的 typecho.zip 文件复制到远程主机 124.220.81.137 的 /var/www/html/ 目录下。

3. 从远程主机复制到本地
   （1）命令解释

   命令格式如下：
   
   scp user@remote_host:/path/on/remote/file.txt /path/to/local/
   
   这会将远程主机 `remote_host` 的 `/path/on/remote/file.txt` 文件复制到本地的 `/path/to/local/` 目录下。
   

查找www文件夹位置

find -name www
find -name typecho确认typecho文件夹是否存在

解压缩文件

unzip typecho.zip

初始化typecho

浏览器输入http://124.220.81.137/install.php

提示：缺少PHP扩展: mbstring
上传目录无法写入, 请手动将安装目录下的 /usr/uploads 目录的权限设置为可写然后继续升级

安装该扩展

sudo apt install php8.1-mbstring

继续安装，提示：上传目录无法写入, 请手动将安装目录下的 /usr/uploads 目录的权限设置为可写然后继续升级

sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/usr/uploads

初始化配置
数据库适配器：Pdo 驱动 SQLite 适配器
数据库前缀：typecho_
数据库文件路径：/var/www/html/usr/typecho.db

继续安装，提示：对不起, 无法连接数据库, 请先检查数据库配置再继续进行安装: "SQLSTATE[HY000] [14] unable to open database file"

原因应该是次文件夹无写入权限

sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/usr

继续安装
创建您的管理员帐号
网站地址
http://124.220.81.137
这是程序自动匹配的网站路径, 如果不正确请修改它

用户名：***
登录密码：***
邮件地址：**@**.com

进入主页http://124.220.81.137可以正常访问

首次登陆后管理界面，输入账号密码后提示404错误

进入登录页面，提示404 Not Found错误，经查询主要是因为typecho需要path_info，而nginx服务器默认并未开启支持path_info。解决办法为修改nginx默认配置，具体代码如下：

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

调整如下

原代码

        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;

                # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
                # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        }

location ~ \.php(.*)$ {
        # 正则匹配.php后的pathinfo部分
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        #
        #       # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
        #       # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $1;
        #       把pathinfo部分赋给PATH_INFO变量        

        }

重启nginx服务器生效。

sudo systemctl restart nginx

将dokuwiki传到服务器

1. 从本地复制到远程主机

   单开一个ssh界面，需要从本地打开ssh，不要在服务器界面。然后命令格式如下：

   scp C:/Users/28358/Downloads/dokuwiki.zip ubuntu@124.220.81.137:/var/www/html/
   这会将本地的 `dokuwiki.zip` 文件复制到远程主机 `124.220.81.137` 的 `/var/www/html/` 目录下。
   

2. 解压缩文件夹并开发写入权限

   unzip dokuwiki.zip
   sudo chmod -R 777 dokuwiki

3. 安装php8.1的xml扩展

   sudo apt install php8.1-xml
   sudo systemctl restart nginx

4. 初始化安装dokuwiki
   浏览器输入http://124.220.81.137/dokuwiki/install.php一步步安装。